1- SOCIAL CONTROL:
Social, political mechanism or individual group actions by which a society acts and follows the rules of a country or social group is called social control. Social control is the means and method by which members of society bind each other to follow social rules and regulations. Social control has a continuous influence on human behavior because it is an internal system and when someone begins to deviate, it begins its work.
Social control is the general method of regulating
individual behavior in a society through which regularity is created in the
agreed rules and regulations of the society.
Through this, individual behaviors follow their own
paths.
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DEFINITION OF SOCIAL CONTROL:
Social control is also defined as:
"Social control" is a way in which the entire
social order operates, and as a "Whole" sustains itself with changing
balance.
This social control refers to the way in which society
controls our behavior, either through society's rules and regulations, or
through state laws and their enforcement powers.
The regularization
of behavior in society, whether it is individual or collective, is done in two
ways.
(i) By establishing and maintaining the rules and
regulations and values of the society, and
(ii) By use of force.
Sociologists use the term social control to refer to the
above regulation.
Individuals differ in terms of their interests,
privileges and aptitudes. If every man is given unlimited freedom to behave as
he pleases and act as he pleases, disorder and lawlessness will spread in the
society. The result will be an atmosphere of constant conflict and disputes and
the energy of the society will continue to be wasted on these issues. For
example, examine the flow of traffic on the roads. If the traffic signals and
traffic rules are not enforced, what will happen to the traffic on the roads?
How much chaos and how many traffic jams will there be? Adding to this the discontent
created among the people and the hot temper of the drivers, the situation seems
to be getting worse. In short, it can be said that traffic rules make the flow
of traffic on the roads possible. It is made possible by the presence of
”Control.”
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PURPOSE OF SOCIAL CONTROL:
Sociologists mention many purposes of social control. One
of the goals and objectives of social control is to create conformity with
society in a particular group of society. How many actions are committed by a
person on the basis of ignorance, even if he does not get any benefit from
them, but causes damage to the society as a whole. The second aspect is that an
organization or a person knows that his actions are harming the society and
others, but he does not stop this process or try to improve it, keeping his
personal interest in front. Because doing so would harm him. For example,
pollution is spreading from a company's industry. The owners of the industry
know that this is a harmful practice but they do not make any effort to control
the pollution because adopting such methods will increase their costs and
decrease their profits. They are more concerned about increasing their profit.
However, it is necessary for the society to make such matters subject to laws
and to organize improvement and regularity in both individual and society
through social control. Problems arise when there are no agreed rules in
society to control the behavior of individuals or institutions and society. The
first step in this regard is to commit individuals to practices that are both
individually and collectively beneficial. The presence of such rules and
regulations as social control is in the interest of both the individual and the
group.
Its following reasons are stated:
(i) To maintain the old order:
For the continuity and balance of a social group, it is
necessary to maintain its old customary systems and practices. And this work
can be done well by the institution of the family. Older family members
present traditional model, manners and
social etiquette for younger children. These are the same old rules and
regulations that are acceptable to the society.
(ii) To regulate Individual Behaviour:
Each person is individually different from others, in
thinking, attitudes and habits. Children of the same parents think differently
and behave differently. Therefore, it is important that their behavior is
adapted to the rules and regulations established by the society so that harmony
and stability in the group can be maintained.
(iii) To check Cultural Maladjustment:
Society is changing at a rapid pace. Such changes are taking place that the old system seems to be disappearing completely. There are both good and bad changes in it. It is the responsibility of those who enforce social control to distinguish between good and bad and to make a balanced decision.
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